Journal
NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
Volume 152, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.107751
Keywords
Noisy galvanic vestibular stimulation; Non-invasive brain stimulation; Human performance; Assistive technology; Bilateral vestibulopathy; Parkinson's disease; Motor function
Funding
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada [RGPIN-2019-04440]
- Canada Research Chair program [950-231358]
- CIHR-NSERC collaborative initiative (CHRP) on GVS grant [508460-17]
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Noisy galvanic vestibular stimulation (nGVS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that directly activates vestibular hair cells and afferents to impact various functions. This review examines the effects of nGVS on motor, sensory, and cognitive performance in healthy adults, as well as its potential clinical applications.
Noisy galvanic vestibular stimulation (nGVS) is an emerging non-invasive brain stimulation technique. It involves applying alternating currents of different frequencies and amplitudes presented in a random, or noisy, manner through electrodes on the mastoid bones behind the ears. Because it directly activates vestibular hair cells and afferents and has an indirect effect on a variety of brain regions, it has the potential to impact many different functions. The objective of this review is twofold: (1) to review how nGVS affects motor, sensory, and cognitive performance in healthy adults; and (2) to discuss potential clinical applications of nGVS. First, we introduce the technique. We then describe the regions receiving and processing vestibular information. Next, we discuss the effects of nGVS on motor, sensory, and cognitive function in healthy adults. Subsequently, we outline its potential clinical applications. Finally, we highlight other electrical stimulation technologies and discuss why nGVS offers an alternative or complementary approach. Overall, nGVS appears promising for optimizing human performance and as an assistive technology, though further research is required.
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