Journal
MOLECULAR IMAGING AND BIOLOGY
Volume 23, Issue 4, Pages 469-480Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11307-020-01576-8
Keywords
Lymphadenopathy; [F-18]FDG-PET; CT; Infection; Inflammation
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Diffuse lymphadenopathy can have various causes including inflammation, infection, or malignancy. While FDG-PET/CT is not specific for malignancy, it can aid in ruling out certain diseases and narrowing the differential diagnosis in the appropriate clinical context.
Diffuse lymphadenopathy has a long differential diagnosis that includes both malignant and benign causes. As part of the lymphadenopathy work-up, many patients undergo [F-18]FDG-PET/CT for purposes of ruling out malignancy. FDG-avid lymph nodes, however, are not specific for malignancy. This review will illustrate the spectrum of nodal findings on FDG-PET/CT with correlation to other cross-sectional imaging and clinical history in patients with representative infectious, inflammatory, and benign lymphoproliferative disorders. These findings are important for the nuclear medicine radiologist to understand, as they can represent common pitfalls in the work-up of lymphadenopathy. While FDG-PET/CT may be limited in ascertaining a definitive diagnosis in a disease process as the cause of lymphadenopathy, it can help to narrow this differential and rule out certain diseases in the correct clinical context.
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