4.7 Article

Maternal and Cord Blood Metabolite Associations with Gestational Weight Gain and Pregnancy Health Outcomes

Journal

JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
Volume 20, Issue 3, Pages 1630-1638

Publisher

AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00854

Keywords

pregnancy; gestational weight gain; nuclear magnetic resonance; metabolism; obesity; metabolomics

Funding

  1. Natural Science and Engineering Research Council
  2. Canadian Institutes for Health Research
  3. University of Calgary Eye's High Scholarship
  4. Ohio State University's Foods for Health Discovery Theme
  5. Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa/CHEO Doctoral Fellowship for Advancement of Biological Perspectives for Exercise Interventions Across Lifespan

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Pre-pregnancy obesity and excessive gestational weight gain are risk factors for future maternal and childhood obesity. Maternal obesity may affect the fetus through metabolic changes. Maternal serum metabolites show distinct profiles for different weight statuses, and certain metabolites can predict excessive gestational weight gain.
Pre-pregnancy obesity and excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) are risk factors for future maternal and childhood obesity. Maternal obesity is potentially communicated to the fetus in part by the metabolome, altering the child's metabolic program in early development. Fasting maternal blood samples from 37 singleton pregnancies at 25-28 weeks of gestation were obtained from mothers with pre-pregnancy body mass indexes (BMIs) between 18 and 40 kg/m(2). Various health measures including GWG, diet, and physical activity were also assessed. At term (37-42 weeks), a venous umbilical cord sample was obtained. Serum metabolomic profiles were measured using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy as well as a gut and metabolic hormone panel. Maternal and cord serum metabolites were tested for associations with pre-pregnancy BMI, GWG, health outcomes, and gut and metabolic hormones. While cord blood metabolites showed no significant correlation to maternal obesity status or other measured health outcomes, maternal serum metabolites showed distinct profiles for lean, overweight, and obese women. Additionally, four serum metabolites, namely, glutamate, lysine, pyruvate, and valine, allowed prediction of excessive GWG when pre-pregnancy BMI was controlled. Metabolic biomarkers predictive of GWG are reported and, if validated, could aid in the guidance of prenatal weight management plans as the majority of pregnancy weight gain occurs in the third trimester.

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