Journal
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Volume 403, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123977
Keywords
Biomass aerogel; Environmental safety; Low fire hazard; Thermal insulation; Oil absorption
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation [U19A2045, 51790504]
- Sichuan Science and Technology Program [2019YJ014]
- Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
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The study introduces a fully bio-based, low fire-hazard and superelastic aerogel without any cross-linkers for excellent thermal insulation and oil absorption. The aerogel showed benefits such as anisotropic super-elasticity, hydrophobicity, low density, and high flame retardancy, making it ideal for environmental applications. Additionally, the aerogel exhibited great selectively oil clean-up absorption with high absorption capacity and fastest separation rates of oil/water mixture.
Elastic biomass aerogels have attracted widespread attention but are seriously hindered by environmentally unfriendly cross-linkers and fire hazards for functional applications. This study outlines the fabrication of a fully bio-based, low fire-hazard and superelastic aerogel without any cross-linkers for excellent thermal insulation and oil absorption, via creating highly oriented wave-shaped layer microstructures and subsequently depositing nonflammable siloxane coating on the surface of the aerogel skeleton. The resultant environmental-safety aerogel showed the combined advantages of anisotropic super-elasticity, hydrophobicity, low density and high flame retardancy (limiting oxygen index value of 42%, UL-94 V-0 rating, and extremely low heat release), thus leading to many benefits for solving environmental hazards. For instance, this fire-safety biomass aerogel can be used as the high-performance thermal insulator with low thermal conductivity and high shielding efficiency. The aerogel also exhibited a great selectively oil clean-up absorption with a high absorption capacity of 117 times its own weight and excellent recyclability. Especially, due to the highly oriented microstructures, the aerogel as a filter showed the fastest separation rates of oil/water mixture (flux rate of 145.78 L h(-1) g(-1)) ever reported. Such a method of preparing super-elastic biomass aerogels will provide new insights into their multifunctional applications with high environmental safety.
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