Journal
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Volume 406, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124758
Keywords
Microfibrillated cellulose; Kapok fibers; Hydrophobic modification; Oil absorption; Absorption rate
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51903034]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China [2232019D3-12, 2232020G-01, 2232019D-15]
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Cellulose aerogels with kapok/microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) exhibit ultralow density, ultrahigh porosity, and hydrophobicity, enabling advanced oil sorption and high absorption ability. These aerogels are cost-effective, sustainable, and possess excellent reusability, making them a suitable alternative for cleaning oil spills.
Cellulose aerogels achieve excellent absorption of waste oil and organic pollutant, which has received lots of attention recently. It is still a big challenge to obtain aerogels with both high cost-effectiveness and advanced oil absorption performance, since it is a time-consuming, and environmentally unfriendly process to obtain cellulose, compared with direct usage of natural fibers. In this manuscript, we develop highly porous and hydrophobic kapok/microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) aerogels with a dual-scale hierarchically porous structure at micro-level as cost-effective, sustainable, and floating superabsorbents via simple vacuum freeze-drying and surface modification. Kapok, a natural hollow fiber, has been recently considered as a new sustainable resource for oil cleanup. By partially replacing MFC with chopped kapok fibers in MFC aerogels (MMAs), the resultant kapok/MFC aerogels (KCAs) exhibit ultralow density (5.1 mg/cm(-3)), ultrahigh porosity (99.58%) and hydrophobicity (140.1 degrees) leading to advanced oil sorption (130.1 g/g) that is 25.3% higher than that of MMAs. In addition, these KCAs can rapidly and selectively absorb waste oil from oil-water mixture with ultrahigh absorption ability of 104-190.1 g/g, which is comparable to other environmentally unfriendly and high-cost aerogels. Furthermore, the KCAs own excellent reusability and sustainability. These benefits enable the KCAs a suitable alternative to clean oil spills.
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