Journal
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
Volume 224, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
COMPANY BIOLOGISTS LTD
DOI: 10.1242/jeb.240010
Keywords
Carbohydrates; De novo lipogenesis; Locusts; Macronutrients; Respiratory exchange ratio; Respiratory quotient
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation (NSF) [IOS-1826848]
- United States -Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund (BARD) [FI-575-2018]
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The study showed that locusts elevate their metabolic rate in response to high carbohydrate diets, potentially due to an increase in respiratory exchange ratio. However, on low protein: carbohydrate ratio diets, locusts do not elevate metabolic rate and show an opposite trend.
Locusts have been reported to elevate metabolic rate in response to high carbohydrate diets; this conclusion was based on metabolic rates calculated from CO2 production, a common practice for insects. However, respiratory exchange ratio (RER, CO2 production divided by O-2 consumption) can rise above 1 as a result of de novo lipid synthesis, providing an alternative possible explanation of the prior findings. We studied the relationship between macronutrient ingestion, RER and lipid synthesis using South American locusts (Schistocerca cancellata) reared on artificial diets varying in protein: carbohydrate (p:c) ratio. RER increased and rose above 1 as dietary p:c ratio decreased. Lipid accumulation rates were strongly positively correlated with dietary carbohydrate content and ingestion. RERs above 1 were only observed for animals without food in the respirometry chamber, suggesting that hormonal changes after a meal may drive lipid synthesis. Schistocerca cancellata does not elevate metabolic rate on low p:c diets; in fact, the opposite trend was observed.
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