Journal
INTERNATIONAL MATERIALS REVIEWS
Volume 67, Issue 1, Pages 47-64Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/09506608.2021.1891368
Keywords
Photocatalysis; water treatment; TiO2-based catalysts; heavy metal; chlorophenols
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Funding
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/S018204/2]
- Leverhulme Trust [RPG-2017-122]
- Newton Fund [NA150418]
- EPSRC [EP/S018204/2] Funding Source: UKRI
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This review summarizes the recent progress in the photocatalytic oxidation of chlorophenols and reduction of toxic heavy metal ions using TiO2-based photocatalysts. The strategies for improving the performance of TiO2 photocatalysts and the underlying semiconductor photocatalytic mechanisms have been thoroughly addressed. The practical application prospect of TiO2 photocatalysis has been discussed.
Among the various semiconductor photocatalysts reported so far, TiO2 is still the most promising material for real applications because of its excellent chemical and thermal stability, non-toxicity, low cost and highly oxidising photogenerated holes. This review summarises the recent progress (mainly over the last five years) in photocatalytic oxidation of non-biodegradable organic pollutants (chlorophenols) and reduction of toxic heavy metal ions in aqueous solution. The review details the recently developed strategies for improving the performance of TiO2-based photocatalysts, with particular respect to the visible light activity, charge separation efficiency, stability, separability and adsorption capacity for the remediation of the aforementioned categories of water contaminants, as these factors heavily affect the practical application of this technology. Next, the underlying semiconductor photocatalytic mechanisms have been thoroughly addressed experimentally and theoretically, together with the proposed defect engineering to improve the photocatalytic performance. Finally, the prospect of TiO2 photocatalysis was discussed.
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