Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLYMER ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION
Volume 26, Issue 4, Pages 330-341Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/1023666X.2021.1889739
Keywords
Hydrogel; stress relaxation; generalized Maxwell model; nonlinear fitting; cross-linking network
Categories
Funding
- Natural Science Foundation of China [11802197]
- Key R&D Program of Shanxi Province [201903D421064]
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Both physical and chemical cross-linking methods were used to prepare hydrogels, with Fe3+ and MBA as the cross-linking agents affecting stress relaxation behavior. Fe3+ and MBA shortened the time for structural unit movement and increased the initial and equilibrium stress of the hydrogels. Using both Fe3+ and MBA as cross-linking agents resulted in a looser network structure.
Both physical and chemical cross-linking methods can improve the mechanical properties of hydrogel by increasing the cross-link density. In this study, a series of polyvinyl alcohol/polyacrylamide-co-polyacrylic acid (PVA/PAM-co-PAA)-based hydrogels were prepared by using Fe3+ as physical cross-linking agent and N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as chemical cross-linking agent. The stress relaxation experiments of PVA/PAM-co-PAA-based hydrogels and nonlinear fitting analysis were performed to study the effects of cross-linking methods on stress relaxation behavior of hydrogels. Furthermore, the four-element generalized Maxwell model succeeded in simulating stress relaxation behavior of hydrogels. When Fe3+ was used as the cross-linking agent of Fe3+/PVA/PAM-co-PAA hydrogel, it took a long time of 199.9 s when the structural units began to move. However, when MBA was used as the cross-linking agent of PVA/PAM-MBA-PAA hydrogel, the time was shortened significantly. Compared with PVA/PAM-co-PAA hydrogel, the initial and equilibrium stress of Fe3+/PVA/PAM-co-PAA and PVA/PAM-MBA-PAA hydrogel significantly increased. When Fe3+ and MBA were used as the cross-linking agent of Fe3+/PVA/PAM-MBA-PAA hydrogel together, the network structure became looser. The initial and equilibrium stress were 0.04 and 0.015 MPa, respectively.
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