Journal
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
Volume 9, Issue 7, Pages 2314-2318Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c6ee01501h
Keywords
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Funding
- BK21 (Brain Korea 21) program through the National Research Foundation of Korea - Ministry of Education, Science and Technology
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials at Zhejiang University, P. R. China [SKL2016-6]
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Antimony (Sb) is an attractive anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) with a high theoretical capacity of 660 mAh g(-1). However, its practical application is greatly hindered by the rapid capacity fading which is largely due to the large volume expansion during sodiation. Tuning the morphology and structure at the nano-scale or using carbonaceous materials as the buffer layer is essential to address this issue. Here, a facile carbon-coating coupled with a thermal-reduction strategy has been developed to synthesize unique Sb@C coaxial nanotubes. With different annealing time, the hollow space and the amount of Sb inside the tube can be easily tuned by the partial evaporation of Sb. The as-obtained Sb@C nanotubes exhibit excellent sodium storage properties. The remarkable electrochemical performance results from the unique coaxial nanoarchitecture. Specifically, it delivers a high specific capacity of 407 mAh g(-1) at 100 mA g(-1) after 240 cycles. Furthermore, a stable capacity of 240 mAh g(-1) can be retained at 1.0 A g(-1) even after 2000 cycles. Most importantly, high capacities of 350 mAh g(-1) and 310 mAh g(-1) can be achieved at large current densities of 10 and 20 A g(-1), respectively, which represents the best rate performance among the reported Sb-based anode materials.
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