Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 22, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041909
Keywords
salinity stress; specific ion stress; osmotic stress; growth responses; photosynthesis responses; ion exclusion; tissue tolerance of Na+; tissue tolerance of Cl-
Funding
- Australian Government Research Training Program (RTP) Scholarship
- Australian Postgraduate Award (APA)
- University of Western Australia Safety-Net Top-Up Scholarship
- Underwood PhD Completion Scholarship
- UWA Institute of Agriculture
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Soybean is mainly affected by Na+ toxicity, mungbean is mainly affected by Cl- toxicity, and cowpea and common bean are affected by both Na+ and Cl- toxicity.
Grain legumes are important crops, but they are salt sensitive. This research dissected the responses of four (sub)tropical grain legumes to ionic components (Na+ and/or Cl-) of salt stress. Soybean, mungbean, cowpea, and common bean were subjected to NaCl, Na salts (without Cl-), Cl- salts (without Na+), and a high cation negative control for 57 days. Growth, leaf gas exchange, and tissue ion concentrations were assessed at different growing stages. For soybean, NaCl and Na+ salts impaired seed dry mass (30% of control), more so than Cl- salts (60% of control). All treatments impaired mungbean growth, with NaCl and Cl- salt treatments affecting seed dry mass the most (2% of control). For cowpea, NaCl had the greatest adverse impact on seed dry mass (20% of control), while Nat salts and Cl- salts had similar intermediate effects (similar to 45% of control). For common bean, NaCl had the greatest adverse effect on seed dry mass (4% of control), while Nat salts and Cl- salts impaired seed dry mass to a lesser extent (similar to 45% of control). NaCl and Na+ salts (without Cl-) affected the photosynthesis (P-n) of soybean more than Cl- salts (without Nat) (50% of control), while the reverse was true for mungbean. Na(+ )salts (without Cl-), Cl- salts (without Nat), and NaCl had similar adverse effects on P a of cowpea and common bean (similar to 70% of control). In conclusion, salt sensitivity is predominantly determined by Nat toxicity in soybean, Cl- toxicity in mungbean, and both Na+ and Cl- toxicity in cowpea and common bean.
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