Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE
Volume 47, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
SPANDIDOS PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4867
Keywords
osteoarthritis; oxidative stress; chondrocytes; endoplasmic reticulum stress; hydrogen sulfide
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81901853, 81900313]
- Key Project of Harbin Municipal Science and Technology Bureau [2016RAXYJ068]
- dean foundation of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University
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The study demonstrates that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) suppresses oxidative stress, ER stress, and apoptosis in chondrocytes induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) by modulating the GRP78/mTOR signaling pathway. Exogenous H2S can inhibit the damage to chondrocytes caused by TBHP-induced oxidative stress.
The activation of oxidative stress is a primary cause of chondrocyte apoptosis in osteoarthritis (OA). The 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway has been demonstrated to be linked with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and autophagy. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been reported to exert antioxidant effects. The present study investigated oxidative stress levels via 2 ',7 '-dichlorofluorescin diacetate and MitoSOX staining, apoptosis rates via flow cytometry and the expression levels of ER stress-related proteins in GYY4137 (donor of H2S)-treated chondrocytes (CHs). CHs were isolated from the bilateral hip joints of male rats to examine mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening- and mTOR signaling pathway-related proteins. The results demonstrated that tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) increased CH apoptosis, and treatment with GYY4137 ameliorated TBHP-mediated the generation of ROS and CH apoptosis. Moreover, TBHP-treated CHs displayed elevated ER stress sensor expression levels and apoptotic rates; however, the TBHP-induced protein expression levels were decreased following GYY4137 treatment. In the present study, treatment with either GYY4137 or transfection with GRP78 siRNA both suppressed the activation of p-P70S6k and p-mTOR. H2S played an important role in regulating ER stress in TBHP-stimulated CHs. GYY4137 promoted autophagy, which was accompanied by the inhibition of ER stress. On the whole, the present study demonstrates that TBHP-induced oxidative stress stimulates ER interactions and CH apoptosis, which are suppressed by exogenous H2S via modulating the GRP78/mTOR signaling pathway.
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