Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION
Volume 69, Issue 2, Pages 1007-1019Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2020.3016399
Keywords
Channel sounding; intrawagon; millimeter wave (mmWave); railway communications; ray tracing (RT); smart rail mobility; sub-mmWave
Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program [2016YFE0200900]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2019JBM074]
- NSFC [61771036, U1834210, 61901029, 61725101]
- Science and Technology Key Project of Guangdong Province, China [2019B010157001]
- State Key Laboratory of the Rail Traffic Control and Safety Project [RCS2019ZZ005]
- Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
- ZTE Corporation
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To achieve the vision of smart rail mobility, high-data rate wireless connectivity with up to dozens of gigahertz bandwidth is required, which drives the exploration of underutilized millimeter wave (mmWave) and sub-mmWave bands. In this study, the wireless channel within a smart rail mobility scenario is characterized through ultrawideband (UWB) channel sounding and ray tracing (RT) at mmWave and sub-mmWave bands, providing a more thorough understanding of the intrawagon mmWave and sub-mmWave channels.
In order to realize the vision of smart rail mobility, a seamless high-data rate wireless connectivity with up to dozens of gigahertz bandwidth will be required. This forms a strong motivation for exploring the underutilized millimeter wave (mmWave) and sub-mmWave bands. In this article, the wireless channel in one smart rail mobility scenario-the intrawagon scenario-is characterized through ultrawideband (UWB) channel sounding and ray tracing (RT) at mmWave and sub-mmWave bands. To begin with, a series of horizontal directional scan-sounding measurements are performed inside a real high-speed train wagon at 60 and 300 GHz frequency bands with a bandwidth of 8 GHz. Correspondingly, the channel characteristics such as Rician K-factor, root-mean-square (rms) delay spread (DS), azimuth spread of arrival, and azimuth spread of departure are extracted and analyzed. Based on the measurements, a self-developed RT simulator is validated through the reconstruction of the three-dimensional wagon model and the calibration of the electromagnetic (EM) properties of the main materials. This gives the chance to physically interpret the measurement results and characterize the intrawagon mmWave and sub-mmWave channels more comprehensively through extensive RT simulations.
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