Journal
GENOME
Volume 64, Issue 10, Pages 937-949Publisher
CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING
DOI: 10.1139/gen-2020-0100
Keywords
ABGD; DNA barcode; GMYC; PTP; Satyrinae; Vanessa
Funding
- FAPESP [2018/11910-1, 2011/50225-3]
- CAPES [001]
- Corporacion Universitaria Lasallista and Colciencias
- Facultad de Ciencias of the Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Medellin
- CNPq [563332/2010-7, 303834/2015-3]
- NSF [DEB-1256742]
- NCN [10 2018/30/M/NZ8/00293]
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [11/50225-3] Funding Source: FAPESP
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This study analyzed high Andean butterflies using DNA barcoding, discovering sixteen potential cryptic species, representing a net richness increase of 11.3% in the assemblage. The genus Vanessa showed higher genetic differentiation at the local level. The research was useful in identifying potential cryptic species in two butterfly complexes along altitudinal and latitudinal gradients.
Cryptic biological diversity has generated ambiguity in taxonomic and evolutionary studies. Single-locus methods and other approaches for species delimitation are useful for addressing this challenge, enabling the practical processing of large numbers of samples for identification and inventory purposes. This study analyzed an assemblage of high Andean butterflies using DNA barcoding and compared the identifications based on the current morphological taxonomy with three methods of species delimitation (automatic barcode gap discovery, generalized mixed Yule coalescent model, and Poisson tree processes). Sixteen potential cryptic species were recognized using these three methods, representing a net richness increase of 11.3% in the assemblage. A well-studied taxon of the genus Vanessa, which has a wide geographical distribution, appeared with the potential cryptic species that had a higher genetic differentiation at the local level than at the continental level. The analyses were useful for identifying the potential cryptic species in Pedaliodes and Forsterinaria complexes, which also show differentiation along altitudinal and latitudinal gradients. This genetic assessment of an entire assemblage of high Andean butterflies (Papilionoidea) provides baseline information for future research in a region characterized by high rates of endemism and population isolation.
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