Journal
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
Volume 148, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111944
Keywords
Cadmium; Liver; Inflammation; NLRP3 inflammasome; Macrophage
Categories
Funding
- Guangdong Key Area Research and Development Program [2019B020210003]
- Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou [201903010082]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81703211, 31981360399]
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Pubertal mice exposed to low-dose cadmium exhibit liver inflammation and severe injury, including inflammatory hepatocyte infiltration, increased apoptotic cells, and upregulation of cytokine expression.
Cadmium (Cd) is a potentially toxic trace element frequently existed in foods, water, and air, threatening liver function from its continuous bioaccumulation and induction of oxidative stress and inflammation. However, the hepatotoxicity of Cd during puberty remains unclear. In this study, pubertal mice were given cadmium chloride at a dose of 5.0 mg/kg.bw by gavage, and the liver damage was investigated at different treatment points of 10, 20, and 30 days. After Cd exposure, there is an obvious inflammatory hepatocyte infiltration accompanied by more apoptotic cells at 20 days and an increase in alanine aminotransferases and aspartate aminotransferases in circulation at 30 days. Additionally, the soaring TNF-alpha and MCP-1 were found in liver, and the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, and IL-18) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (TGF-beta, IL-10, and IL-13) were both significantly upregulated. Moreover, the activated Ml and M2 macrophages were confirmed in charge of these cytokines release. Most importantly, the data validated a pivotal role of NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in Cd-induced inflammation in liver at puberty. Collectively, our results suggested that low-dose Cd oral exposure can cause liver inflammation via activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and give rise to severe liver injury at puberty.
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