Journal
EUROPACE
Volume 23, Issue -, Pages I96-I104Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/europace/euaa398
Keywords
Fluid structure interaction; Embedded methods; Bio-prosthetic heart valves; Haemodynamic and mechanical performance
Categories
Funding
- Theo Rossi di Montelera Foundation
- Metis Foundation Sergio Mantegazza
- Fidinam Foundation
- Swiss Heart Foundation
- PASC project FASTER (Forecasting and Assessing Seismicity and Thermal Evolution in geothermal Reservoirs)
- PASC project HPC-Predict (High-Performance Computing for the Prognosis of Adverse Aortic Events)
- Theo-Rossi di Montelera (TRM) foundation
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This study presents a fully coupled approach for solving contact problems between multiple elastic structures in a fluid flow. The computational model allows for numerical simulation of blood tissue interaction of bioprosthetic heart valves (BHVs) and contact among the leaflets. The study suggests that stresses concentrate in regions where leaflets are attached to the stent and in the portion of the aortic root where the BHV is placed, which may inspire new BHV designs for better stress distribution.
Aims: This work aims at presenting a fully coupled approach for the numerical solution of contact problems between multiple elastic structures immersed in a fluid flow. The key features of the computational model are (i) a fully coupled fluid-structure interaction with contact, (ii) the use of a fibre-reinforced material for the leaflets, (iii) a stent, and (iv) a compliant aortic root. Methods and results The computational model takes inspiration from the immersed boundary techniques and allows the numerical simulation of the blood tissue interaction of bioprosthetic heart valves (BHVs) as well as the contact among the leaflets. First, we present pure mechanical simulations, where blood is neglected, to assess the performance of different material properties and valve designs. Secondly, fully coupled fluid-structure interaction simulations are employed to analyse the combination of haemodynamic and mechanical characteristics. The isotropic leaflet tissue experiences high-stress values compared to the fibre-reinforced material model. Moreover, elongated leaflets show a stress concentration dose to the base of the stent. We observe a fully developed flow at the systolic stage of the heartbeat. On the other hand, flow recirculation appears along the aortic watt during diastole. Conclusion The presented FSI approach can be used for analysing the mechanical and haemodynamic performance of a BHV. Our study suggests that stresses concentrate in the regions where leaflets are attached to the stent and in the portion of the aortic root where the BHV is placed. The results from this study may inspire new BHV designs that can provide a better stress distribution.
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