Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
Volume 66, Issue -, Pages 148-155Publisher
CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2020.10.021
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Funding
- Cancer Research UK [C14303/A17197, A24455]
- Cambridge Trust International Scholarship
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Centrosomes consist of a mother and daughter centriole embedded within a proteinaceous matrix known as the pericentriolar material. Mother centrioles in some eukaryotic lineages are distinguished from daughters by appendages at their distal end, which anchor microtubule minus ends and tether Golgi-derived vesicles. In vertebrate cells, centrosomes are surrounded by a system of cytoplasmic granules called centriolar satellites.
Centrosomes comprise two centrioles, the mother and daughter, embedded within a multi-layered proteinaceous matrix known as the pericentriolar material. In proliferating cells, centrosomes duplicate once per cell cycle and organise interphase and mitotic microtubule arrays, whereas in quiescent cells, the mother centriole templates primary cilium formation. Centrosomes have acquired various accessory structures to facilitate these disparate functions. In some eukaryotic lineages, mother centrioles can be distinguished from their daughter by the presence of appendages at their distal end, which anchor microtubule minus ends and tether Golgi-derived vesicles involved in ciliogenesis. Moreover, in vertebrate cells, centrosomes are surrounded by a system of cytoplasmic granules known as centriolar satellites. In this review, we will discuss these centriolar accessories and outline recent findings pertaining to their composition, assembly and regulation.
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