Journal
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
Volume 62, Issue 15, Pages 4095-4151Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1872483
Keywords
Diabetes; protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B; dipeptidyl peptidase-4; inhibitory activity; phenolic compounds; flavonoids; antidiabetic agents
Categories
Funding
- Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT)/Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (MCTES) [UIDB/50006/2020]
- Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalizacao (COMPETE) [POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029241]
- FCT [SFRH/BD/116005/2016]
- Fundo Social Europeu (FSE)
- MCTES
- European Union (FEDER funds through COMPETE) [POCI-01-0145FEDER-029253, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029248]
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [SFRH/BD/116005/2016] Funding Source: FCT
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Type 2 diabetes is a growing global health problem caused by insulin secretion defects and/or insulin resistance. The role of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 in T2D has attracted scientific attention, with a focus on the potential of flavonoids as therapeutic agents. Studies have explored the inhibitory effects of flavonoids on PTP1B and DPP-4 activities, aiming to discover compounds with improved potential for treating T2D.
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is an expanding global health problem, resulting from defects in insulin secretion and/or insulin resistance. In the past few years, both protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), as well as their role in T2D, have attracted the attention of the scientific community. PTP1B plays an important role in insulin resistance and is currently one of the most promising targets for the treatment of T2D, since no available PTP1B inhibitors were still approved. DPP-4 inhibitors are among the most recent agents used in the treatment of T2D (although its use has been associated with possible cardiovascular adverse events). The antidiabetic properties of flavonoids are well-recognized, and include inhibitory effects on the above enzymes, although hitherto not therapeutically explored. In the present study, a comprehensive review of the literature of both synthetic and natural isolated flavonoids as inhibitors of PTP1B and DPP-4 activities is made, including their type of inhibition and experimental conditions, and structure-activity relationship, covering a total of 351 compounds. We intend to provide the most favorable chemical features of flavonoids for the inhibition of PTP1B and DPP-4, gathering information for the future development of compounds with improved potential as T2D therapeutic agents.
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