4.7 Article

Consumption of ultra-processed foods and drinks and colorectal, breast, and prostate cancer

Journal

CLINICAL NUTRITION
Volume 40, Issue 4, Pages 1537-1545

Publisher

CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE
DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.02.033

Keywords

Ultra-processed foods and drinks; Colorectal cancer; Breast cancer; Prostate cancer; Case-control study

Funding

  1. Catalan Government [2014SGR756, 2017SGR1085, 2017SGR733, SLT006/17/76]
  2. European Regional Development Fund-ERDF
  3. Accion Transversal del Cancer
  4. Instituto de Salud Carlos III-FEDER [PI08/1770, PI08/0533, PI08/1359, PS09/00773-Cantabria, PS09/01286-Leon, PS09/01903-Valencia, PS09/02078-Huelva, PS09/01662-Granada, PI11/01403, PI11/01889-FEDER, PI11/00226]
  5. FundacionMarques de Valdecilla [API 10/09]
  6. Red Tematica de Investigacion del Cancer (RTICC) del ISCIII [RD12/0036/0036]
  7. Junta de Castilla y Leon [LE22A10-2]
  8. Consejeria de Salud of the Junta de Andalucia [PI-0571-2009, PI-0306-2011, salud201200057018tra]
  9. Conselleria de Sanitat of the Generalitat Valenciana [AP_061/10]
  10. Recercaixa [2010ACUP00310]
  11. Regional Government of the Basque Country
  12. Consejeria de Sanidad de la Region de Murcia
  13. European Commission [FOOD-CT-2006-036224-HIWATE]
  14. Spanish Association Against Cancer (AECC) Scientific Foundation e grant [GCTRA18022MORE]
  15. Catalan Government-Agency for Management of University and Research Grants (AGAUR) [2014SGR647, 2014SGR850, 2017SGR723]
  16. Xarxa de Bancs de Tumors de Catalunya - Pla Director d'Oncologia de Catalunya (XBTC)
  17. Xarxa de Bancs de Tumors de Catalunya - Plataforma Biobancos [PT13/0010/0013]
  18. ICOBIOBANC - Catalan Institute of Oncology
  19. Spanish Association Against Cancer (AECC) Scientific Foundation [POSTD037OBON]
  20. Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa 2019-2023 Program [CEX2018-000806-S]
  21. Generalitat de Catalunya through the CERCA Program
  22. The Instituto de Salud Carlos III-FEDER [PI11/01810, PI11/02213, PI12/00488, PI12/00265, PI12/01270, PI12/00715, PI12/00150, PI14/01219, PI14/0613, PI15/00069, PI15/00914, PI15/01032, PIE16/00049, PI17/01179, PI1700092]

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The study results indicate an association between the consumption of ultra-processed foods and drinks and an increased risk of colorectal cancer, while there was no significant association with breast or prostate cancer. It is recommended that food policy and public health guidelines focus on the degree of food processing.
Aims: To study whether the consumption of ultra-processed foods and drinks is associated with breast, colorectal, and prostate cancers. Methods: Multicentric population-based case-control study (MCC-Spain) conducted in 12 Spanish provinces. Participants were men and women between 20 and 85 years of age with diagnoses of colorectal (n = 1852), breast (n = 1486), or prostate cancer (n = 953), and population-based controls (n = 3543) frequency-matched by age, sex, and region. Dietary intake was collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Foods and drinks were categorized according to their degree of processing based on the NOVA classification. Unconditional multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between ultra-processed food and drink consumption and colorectal, breast, and prostate cancer. Results: In multiple adjusted models, consumption of ultra-processed foods and drinks was associated with a higher risk of colorectal cancer (OR for a 10% increase in consumption: 1.11; 95% CI 1.04-1.18). The corresponding odds for breast (OR 1.03; 95% CI 0.96-1.11) and prostate cancer (OR 1.02; 95% CI 0.93-1.12) were indicative of no association. Conclusions: Results of this large population-based case-control study suggest an association between the consumption of ultra-processed foods and drinks and colorectal cancer. Food policy and public health should include a focus on food processing when formulating dietary guidelines. ? 2021 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. All rights reserved.

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