Identification of a potent regulatory T cell epitope in factor V that modulates CD4+and CD8+memory T cell responses

Identification of T cell epitopes that are recognized by Tregs may elucidate the relative contributions of thymic Tregs and induced Tregs to control of autoimmune diseases and allergy. One such T regulatory cell epitope or 'Tregitope', derived from blood Factor V, is described here. Tregs responding to Tregitope FV621 are potent suppressors of CD4+ T effector responses to Tetanus Toxoid in an in vitro bystander suppression assay, strongly inhibit proliferation of effector CD8+ T cells, down-modulate CD86 and HLA DR on antigen-presenting cells, and enhance expression of granzyme B in Tregs. Tregitope FV621 also suppresses anti-OVA immune responses in vivo. The immunomodulatory effect of Tregitope FV621 is enhanced when conjugated to albumin, suggesting that the short half-life of Tregitope peptides can be prolonged. The in silico tools used to prospectively identify the FV Tregitope described here, when combined with in vitro /in vivo validating assays, may facilitate future Tregitope discoveries.

Automated summary

Identification of T cell epitopes recognized by Tregs can help understand the role of thymic Tregs and induced Tregs in autoimmune diseases and allergies. The Tregitope FV621 derived from Factor V has potent immunomodulatory effects, suppressing CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses and inhibiting immune responses in vivo and in vitro, especially when conjugated to albumin. Prospective identification tools combined with validating assays may facilitate future Tregitope discoveries.