Journal
CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
Volume 88, Issue -, Pages 1-10Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2020.11.004
Keywords
Fetuin-A; Biomarker; Medicinal biochemistry; Calcification; Insulin resistance; Cancer
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Fetuin-A is a glycoprotein mainly synthesized by hepatocytes and released into the bloodstream, with inhibitory and stimulatory effects on health through various mechanisms such as inflammatory cytokines regulation.
Fetuin-A (Alfa 2-Heremans-Schmid) is a glycoprotein that is mainly synthesized by hepatocytes and then released into the bloodstream. While fetuin-A, a multifunctional protein, has inhibitory effects on health in the processes of calcification, mineralization, coronary artery calcification (CAC), and kidney stone formation by various mechanisms, it has such stimulatory effects as obesity, diabetes, and tumor progression processes. Fetuin-A produces these effects on the organism mainly by playing a role in the secretion levels of some inflammatory cytokines and exosomes, preventing unwanted calcification, inhibiting the autophosphorylation of tyrosine kinase, suppressing the release of adiponectin and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR gamma), activating the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4), triggering the phosphatidylinositol 3 (PI3) kinase/Akt signaling pathway and cell proliferation, and mimicking the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) receptor. In the present review, fetuinA was examined in a wide perspective from the structure and release of fetuin-A to its effects on health.
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