Journal
CHEMCATCHEM
Volume 13, Issue 10, Pages 2483-2493Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202100054
Keywords
electron microscopy; Raman spectroscopy; spatially-resolved spectroscopy; X-ray microscopy; X-ray tomography
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Funding
- French National Research Agency (ANR) as part of the Investissements d'Avenir program [ANR10-EQPX45]
- KIT
- DFG [INST 121384/73-1]
- Projekt DEAL
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Industrially-applied mixed metal oxide catalysts have a ensemble of structural components with complementary functions, and studying quaternary systems presents challenges. Chemical imaging techniques were used to study a quaternary Bi-Mo-Co-Fe oxide catalyst with significantly higher activity in selective propylene oxidation compared to binary Bi-Mo oxides.
Industrially-applied mixed metal oxide catalysts often possess an ensemble of structural components with complementary functions. Characterisation of these hierarchical systems is challenging, particularly moving from binary to quaternary systems. Here a quaternary Bi-Mo-Co-Fe oxide catalyst showing significantly greater activity than binary Bi-Mo oxides for selective propylene oxidation to acrolein was studied with chemical imaging techniques from the microscale to nanoscale. Conventional techniques like XRD and Raman spectroscopy could only distinguish a small number of components. Spatially-resolved characterisation provided a clearer picture of metal oxide phase composition, starting from elemental distribution by SEM-EDX and spatially-resolved mapping of metal oxide components by 2D Raman spectroscopy. This was extended to 3D using multiscale hard X-ray tomography with fluorescence, phase, and diffraction contrast. The identification and co-localisation of phases in 2D and 3D can assist in rationalising catalytic performance during propylene oxidation, based on studies of model, binary, or ternary catalyst systems in literature. This approach is generally applicable and attractive for characterisation of complex mixed metal oxide systems.
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