Journal
CANCER
Volume 127, Issue 10, Pages 1553-1567Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/cncr.33424
Keywords
cancer therapy sequencing; immune checkpoint blockade; immunotherapy; radiation therapy; radiosensitization
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This article discusses the relationship between radiation therapy and immune checkpoint blockade, exploring the potential synergies between the two and the optimization of treatment sequencing. Safety considerations and future directions are also reviewed.
Radiation therapy exerts a tumoricidal local effect as well as both local and systemic immunomodulation. Immune checkpoint blockade has become a widely used treatment modality across cancer types with a rapidly growing list of agents and US Food and Drug Administration-approved indications. Moreover, there may be synergy between radiation therapy and immune checkpoint blockade. Various strategies have been used, but the optimal sequencing of these therapies is unclear. In this review, the authors discuss the major mechanisms of available immune checkpoint inhibitors and explore the available preclinical and clinical evidence regarding treatment sequencing. They also review safety considerations and conclude with possible future directions.
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