Role of biomarkers CA-125, CA-15.3 and CA-19.9 in the distinction between endometriomas and ovarian neoplasms

Purpose To evaluate the utilisation of CA-125, CA-15.3 and CA-19.9 in differentiating between ovarian neoplasms and endometriomas, and the best cut-off value for these tumour markers in this differentiation. Materials and methods Preoperative serum values of CA-125, CA-15.3 and CA-19.9 were evaluated in 265 patients undergoing surgery for adnexal masses, being 32 non-neoplastic lesions, 134 benign neoplasms, 19 borderline tumours, 36 malignant neoplasms, and 44 endometriomas. ROC curves and Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Results Only CA-19.9 was useful in differentiating between endometriomas and ovarian neoplasms (benign and malignant tumours), being this marker found at higher levels in endometriomas. In multivariate analyses, CA-19.9 greater than 22.3 U/mL was considered an independent factor for the diagnosis of endometrioma, comparing endometrioma and ovarian cancer. Comparing endometrioma and all other groups, the clustering analysis using the combination CA-125 > 34.28 U/mL and CA-19.9 > 19.12 U/mL demonstrated that this association was considered an independent factor for the diagnosis of endometrioma. Conclusion CA-9.9 is useful in distinguishing between endometriomas and ovarian cancer, and its combination with CA-125 is useful in differentiating endometrioma from other ovarian lesions.

Automated summary

The study found that CA-19.9 is useful in distinguishing between endometriomas and ovarian cancers, with a higher diagnostic value in endometriomas. Furthermore, the combination analysis of CA-125 and CA-19.9 can aid in differentiating endometriomas from other ovarian lesions.