Identification of the different salivary Interleukin-6 profiles in patients with periodontitis: A cross-sectional study

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze and identify the association among salivary interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and periodontitis (PT) and to determine the significant trend of this association in PT patients. Study design: For the present study, 49 patients with PT and 47 healthy subjects (HS) were enrolled and assessed for clinical parameters, blood samples and salivary IL-6 analyses. Clinical differences among groups were recorded and evaluated. The Spearman Correlation and the Jonckheere-Terpstra Test were applied in order to assess the interdependence between salivary IL-6 and PT. Results: Patients in the PT group had significantly higher median salivary IL-6 levels [195.4 (184.6-205.9 pg/ mL)] compared to the HS group [101.9 (89.5-115.4 pg/mL) (p < 0.001). Salivary IL-6 levels were negatively correlated with C-reactive protein, with the number of teeth and with clinical attachment loss (CAL), probing pocket depth (PPD), and bleeding sites (FMBS) (p < 0.001). Furthermore, in patients with PT, salivary IL-6 levels were inversely associated (P-trend) with the number of teeth (p < 0.001), and directly associated with the proportional extent of PT (CAL, p = 0.006; PPD, p = 0.009; FMBS, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The results of this study showed that PT patients presented significant higher salivary IL-6 levels compared to HS. Moreover, in the analyzed sample a significant p-trend among PT, tooth loss and increased salivary IL-6 levels was found.

Automated summary

The study found that patients with periodontitis had significantly higher levels of salivary IL-6 compared to healthy subjects; salivary IL-6 levels were negatively correlated with C-reactive protein, number of teeth, CAL, PPD, and FMBS; in patients with periodontitis, salivary IL-6 levels were inversely associated with the number of teeth, and directly associated with the extent of periodontitis (CAL, PPD, FMBS).