Journal
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
Volume 60, Issue 21, Pages 11943-11948Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202017167
Keywords
aqueous electrolyte; Na3V2(PO4)(3); solid electrolyte interphase; sodium-ion batteries
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [52025013, 52071184, 21835004]
- Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2017YFA0206702, 2016YFB0901502]
- 111 Project [B12015]
- Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin [18ZXJMTG00040, 19JCZDJC31800]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
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Water-in-salt electrolytes have expanded the electrochemical stability window, but the cost remains a concern. The low-cost 19 m bi-salts WISE showed promising performance in high-capacity anodes.
Water-in-salt electrolytes (WISE) have largely widened the electrochemical stability window (ESW) of aqueous electrolytes by formation of passivating solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on anode and also absorption of the hydrophobic anion-rich double layer on cathode. However, the cathodic limiting potential of WISE is still too high for most high-capacity anodes in aqueous sodium-ion batteries (ASIBs), and the cost of WISE is also too high for practical application. Herein, a low-cost 19 m (m: mol kg(-1)) bi-salts WISE with a wide ESW of 2.8 V was designed, where the low-cost 17 m NaClO4 extends the anodic limiting potential to 4.4 V, while the fluorine-containing salt (2 m NaOTF) extends the cathodic limiting potential to 1.6 V by forming the NaF-Na2O-NaOH SEI on anode. The 19 m NaClO4-NaOTF-H2O electrolyte enables a 1.75 V Na3V2(PO4)(3)parallel to Na3V2(PO4)(3) full cell to deliver an appreciable energy density of 70 Wh kg(-1) at 1 C with a capacity retention of 87.5 % after 100 cycles.
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