Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY
Volume 320, Issue 5, Pages L750-L756Publisher
AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00552.2020
Keywords
carrageenan; sulfated polysaccharides; virucidal; virus inhibition; virus transmission
Categories
Funding
- Collaborative Research Centre Grant of the German Research Foundation [316249678 -SFB 1279]
- European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme [101003555]
- Baden-Wurttemberg Stiftung
- International Graduate School in Molecular Medicine Ulm
- Ministry for Science, Research and the Arts of Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany
- German Research Foundation [458685747]
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The study found that carrageenan in certain nasal and mouth sprays can effectively inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection, reducing the risk of viral spread.
Pharmaceutical interventions are urgently needed to prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and transmission. As SARS-CoV-2 infects and spreads via the nasopharyngeal airways, we analyzed the antiviral effect of selected nasal and oral sprays on virus infection in vitro. Two nose sprays showed virucidal activity but were cytotoxic precluding further analysis in cell culture. One nasal and one mouth spray suppressed SARS-CoV-2 infection of TMPRSS2-expressing Vero E6 cells and primary differentiated human airway epithelial cultures. The antiviral activity in both sprays could be attributed to polyanionic iota- and kappa-carrageenans. Thus, application of carrageenan-containing nasal and mouth sprays may reduce the risk of acquiring SARS-CoV-2 infection and may limit viral spread, warranting further clinical evaluation.
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