Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
Volume 190, Issue 6, Pages 1064-1074Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwab027
Keywords
alcohol consumption; body mass index; exercise; herpes zoster; smoking; cohort study
Categories
Funding
- Edel and Wilhelm Daubenmerkls Charitable Foundation [100060]
- Novo Nordisk Foundation
- Lundbeck Foundation [R248-2017-521]
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Clinician Scientist Award [NIHR/CS/010/014]
- Wellcome Senior Research Fellowship in Clinical Science [205039/Z/16/Z]
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The study found that former smokers had a higher risk of herpes zoster compared to never smokers, but there was no significant association between current smokers and low-risk alcohol consumers. Body mass index and physical activity levels had minimal impact on herpes zoster risk, and binge drinking did not show a clear risk either.
The role of lifestyle in development of herpes zoster remains unclear. We examined whether smoking status, alcohol consumption, body mass index, or physical activity were associated with zoster risk. We followed a population-based cohort of 101,894 respondents to the 2010 Danish National Health Survey (baseline, May 1, 2010) until zoster diagnosis, death, emigration, or July 1, 2014, whichever occurred first. We computed hazard ratios for zoster associated with each exposure, using Cox regression with age as the time scale and adjusting for potential confounders. Compared with never smokers, hazards for zoster were increased in former smokers (1.17, 95% confidence interval (CD: 1.06, 1.30), but not in current smokers (1.00, 95% CI: 0.89, 1.13). Compared with low-risk alcohol consumption, neither intermediate-risk (0.95, 95% CI: 0.84, 1.07) nor high-risk alcohol consumption (0.99, 95% CI: 0.85, 1.15) was associated with zoster. We also found no increased hazard associated with weekly binge drinking versus not (0.93, 95% CI: 0.77, 1.11). Risk of zoster varied little by body mass index (referent = normal weight) and physical activity levels (referent = light level), with hazard ratios between 0.96 and 1.08. We observed no dose-response association between the exposures and zoster. The examined lifestyle and anthropometric factors thus were not risk factors for zoster.
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