Fully Vacuum-Processed Perovskite Solar Cells on Pyramidal Microtextures

Solar cells based on metal halide perovskites have attracted tremendous attention due to the rapid increase in performance of single junctions and tandem solar cells. Recently, highest perovskite/silicon tandem efficiencies are realized with front-side polished silicon wafers or adapted microstructure of textured silicon solar cells. One way to integrate perovskite top cells on typical micrometer-sized pyramidal structures, is conformal vacuum-based perovskite deposition. Herein, fully vacuum-based perovskite solar cells are developed on top of random pyramidal microtextured glass substrates with a pyramid size up to 9 mu m. This method allows improvement of the light management of the textured perovskite solar cell and resembles the typical pyramid topography of silicon solar cells as a step toward monolithic tandem integration. Moreover, to improve the quality of the perovskite on the textured substrates, three different methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI(3)) films are tested by adjusting the rate ratio of the precursors. Optimized ratios for textured substrates with higher PbI2 rates enable a transient photoluminescence decay time above 0.75 mu s approaching that of planar substrates at around 1.2 mu s. Finally, a efficiency over 15% is achieved, which is, to the best of our knowledge, the first reported device on microscopically textured glass by co-evaporated ion.

Automated summary

Solar cells based on metal halide perovskites have shown improved performance in single junctions and tandem solar cells. By using vacuum-based perovskite deposition on microtextured glass substrates, efficiency over 15% was achieved with optimized precursor ratios to enhance perovskite quality on textured substrates. This marks a significant step towards monolithic tandem integration with a design resembling the topography of silicon solar cells.