Journal
METABOLITES
Volume 11, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/metabo11010043
Keywords
lipid metabolism; mature erythrocyte; obesity; precision nutrition
Categories
Funding
- Department of Environment: Territorial Planning: Agriculture and Fisheries of the Basque Country Government
- Department of Health of the Basque Government [2017222033: OBESIA 2016-2019]
- Centre for the Development of Industrial Technology (CDTI) of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [CER-20191010]
- INC (INTERNATIONAL NUT AND DRIED FRUIT COUNCIL) [2016(II)-R01]
- Fundacion Gangoiti
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This study aimed to analyze the fatty acid profile of red blood cell membranes in children and adults with obesity, finding differences in omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids between the two groups. The results suggest that lipidomic differences can potentially inform specific nutritional recommendations for different age groups based on fat intake.
As the obesity epidemic continues to grow inexorably worldwide, the need to develop effective strategies to prevent and control obesity seems crucial. The use of molecular tools can be useful to characterize different obesity phenotypes to provide more precise nutritional recommendations. This study aimed to determine the fatty acid (FA) profile of red blood cell (RBC) membranes, together with the evaluation of their dietary intake and biochemical parameters, of children and adults with obesity. An observational study was carried out on 196 children (113 with normal weight and 83 with obesity) and 91 adults (30 with normal weight and 61 with obesity). Mature RBC membrane phospholipids were analyzed for FA composition by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Dietary habits were evaluated using validated food frequency questionnaires (FFQ). Children with obesity presented higher levels of omega-6 polyunsaturated FAs (mainly linoleic acid, p = 0.01) and lower values of omega-3 FAs (mainly DHA, p < 0.001) compared with adults. Regarding blood biochemical parameters, children with obesity presented lower levels of glucose, LDL cholesterol, and alanine aminotransferase compared with adults with obesity. These lipidomic differences could be considered to provide specific nutritional recommendations for different age groups, based on an adequate fat intake.
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