Optimal Management strategies to solve issues of grid having Electric Vehicles (EV): A review

Electric Vehicles (EVs) portray the important role in reduction of greenhouse gases and fuel utilization. The spike in number of EVs put large burden of power on grid system. This enormous power demand causes serious issues on the performance of power system and can leads to power failure. Optimal management strategies are required to alleviate such issues and to maintain the continuous supply of power. Due to integration of EVs various issues related to grid system are reviewed briefly in this paper. This paper reviews different management strategies to minimize the impacts of integration of EVs into grid system. Decentralized coordination helps to reduce load variability and stability issue of grid due to EVs but it needs accurate forecast of EVs travelling pattern. Central coordination reduces load variance, voltage variations, power losses, computational complexity and helps in determining the EVs charging location but it has less customer stratification. Integration of renewables reduces the burden on local grid, optimizes the production cost and enhances the charging capacity but it has intermittent power supply. EVs charging functioning reduce the power losses and waiting time but require huge investments. Public policies maximize the overall profit but it requires proper load managements. Among these methods it is found that centralized coordination can be more effective in solving EVs integration issues. The optimal power, energy capacity and location of EVs in centralized coordination can accurately found by optimizing the objective functions. Centralized coordination becomes more effective to resolve the EVs issues when addition of smooth power from renewables is included in the system.

Automated summary

This paper highlights the important role of electric vehicles in reducing greenhouse gases and fuel utilization, but also points out the challenges they bring to the grid system. Decentralized coordination and central coordination are two management strategies to address these challenges, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Additionally, integration of renewable energy sources is considered an effective way to solve the issues related to electric vehicle integration.