Dnmt3b catalytic activity is critical for its tumour suppressor function in lymphomagenesis and is associated with c-Met oncogenic signalling

Background: DNA methylation regulates gene transcription in many physiological processes in mammals including development and haematopoiesis. It is catalysed by several DNA methyltransferases, including Dnmt3b that mediates both methylation-dependant and independent gene repression. Dnmt3b is critical for mouse embryogenesis and functions as a tumour suppressor in haematologic malignancies in mice. However, the extent to which Dnmt3b's catalytic activity (CA) is involved in development and cancer is unclear. Methods: We used a mouse model expressing catalytically inactive Dnmt3b (Dnmt3bCI) to study a role of Dnmt3b's CA in development and cancer. We utilized global approaches including Whole-genome Bisulfite sequencing and RNA-seq to analyse DNA methylation and gene expression to identify putative targets of Dnmt3b's CA. To analyse postnatal development and haematopoiesis, we used tissue staining, histological and FACS analysis. To determine potential involvement of selected genes in lymphomagenesis, we used overexpression and knock down approaches followed by in vitro growth assays. Findings: We show that mice expressing Dnmt3bCI only, survive postnatal development and develop ICF (the immunodeficiency-centromeric instability-facial anomalies)-like syndrome. The lack of Dnmt3b's CA promoted fibroblasts transformation in vitro, accelerated MLL-AF9 driven Acute Myeloid Leukaemia and MYCinduced T-cell lymphomagenesis in vivo. The elimination of Dnmt3b's CA resulted in decreased methylation of c-Met promoter and its upregulation, activated oncogenic Met signalling, Stat3 phosphorylation and upregulation of Lin28b promoting lymphomagenesis. Interpretation: Our data demonstrates that Dnmt3b's CA is largely dispensable for mouse development but critical to prevent tumourigenesis by controlling events involved in cellular transformation. (C) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Automated summary

The study revealed that Dnmt3b's catalytic activity is largely dispensable for mouse development but critical for preventing tumorigenesis by controlling events involved in cellular transformation. The lack of Dnmt3b's catalytic activity promoted fibroblast transformation in vitro and accelerated the development of certain types of leukemia and lymphoma in vivo.