Thermally modulated lithium iron phosphate batteries for mass-market electric vehicles

The pursuit of energy density has driven electric vehicle (EV) batteries from using lithium iron phosphate (LFP) cathodes in early days to ternary layered oxides increasingly rich in nickel; however, it is impossible to forgo the LFP battery due to its unsurpassed safety, as well as its low cost and cobalt-free nature. Here we demonstrate a thermally modulated LFP battery to offer an adequate cruise range per charge that is extendable by 10 min recharge in all climates, essentially guaranteeing EVs that are free of range anxiety. Such a thermally modulated LFP battery designed to operate at a working temperature around 60 degrees C in any ambient condition promises to be a well-rounded powertrain for mass-market EVs. Furthermore, we reveal that the limited working time at the high temperature presents an opportunity to use graphite of low surface areas, thereby prospectively prolonging the EV lifespan to greater than two million miles.

Automated summary

The development of thermally modulated LFP battery can provide adequate cruise range and extend the range through short recharges, eliminating range anxiety for electric vehicles. Designed to operate at a working temperature of around 60 degrees Celsius in any ambient condition, it promises to be an ideal powertrain for mass-market EVs. Furthermore, utilizing low surface area graphite presents an opportunity to prolong the lifespan of EVs to over two million miles.