4.6 Article

Probabilistic Reversal Learning Deficits in Patients With Methamphetamine Use Disorder-A Longitudinal Pilot Study

Journal

FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
Volume 11, Issue -, Pages -

Publisher

FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.588768

Keywords

methamphetamine; crystal meth; probabilistic; reversal learning; longitudinal; psychotherapy

Categories

Funding

  1. MeDDrive program of the Technische Universitat Dresden (MeDDrive grant) [60.401]
  2. Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) [402170461-TRR 265 (58)]
  3. Department of Veterans Affairs Clinical Sciences Research and Development Career Development Award [CX17008-CDA2]
  4. Oregon Health & Science University Collins Medical Trust [APSYC0249]
  5. Medical Research Foundation of Oregon [APSYC0250]
  6. Center for Women's Health Circle of Giving [GPSYC0287A]

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Methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) is increasing worldwide and commonly associated with learning deficits. Little is known the about underlying trajectories, i.e., how the affected higher-order cognitive functions develop over time and with respect to abstinence and relapse. A probabilistic reversal learning (PRL) paradigm was implemented to uncover the microstructure of impulsive choice and maladaptive learning strategies in 23 patients with MUD in comparison with 24 controls. Baseline data revealed fewer optimal choices and a pattern of altered learning behavior from negative and positive feedback in patients suggesting impairments in flexibly-adapting behavior to changes of reward contingencies. Integrating longitudinal data from a follow-up assessment after 3 months of specific treatment revealed a group-by-time interaction indicating a normalization of these cognitive impairments in patients with MUD. In summary, our study demonstrates behavioral correlates of maladaptive decision-making processes in patients with MUD, which may recover after 3 months of MUD-specific therapy paving the way for further learning-based interventions. Limited by a small sample size, the results of this pilot study warrant replication in larger populations.

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