Journal
IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL
Volume 8, Issue 2, Pages 708-722Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/JIOT.2020.3006896
Keywords
Blockchain; Security; Throughput; Scalability; Internet of Things; Optimization; Reinforcement learning; Deep reinforcement learning (DRL); Internet of Things (IoT); optimization; scalable blockchain; sharding
Categories
Funding
- Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT), South Korea, through the Information Technology Research Center Support Program [IITP-2020-2018-0-01799]
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This article proposes a deep network shard-based blockchain scheme that dynamically finds the optimal throughput configuration by analyzing the latency and security-level characteristics of sharded blockchain. Using deep reinforcement learning, the system parameters are optimized to achieve higher TPS and security level by adapting to the network status. Simulation results show that this DQNSB scheme provides a higher TPS compared to existing DRL-enabled blockchain technology while maintaining a high security level.
High levels of scalability and reliability are needed to support the massive Internet-of-Things (IoT) services. In particular, blockchains can be effectively used to safely manage data from large-scale IoT networks. However, current blockchain systems have low transactions per second (TPS) rates and scalability limitations that make them unsuitable. To solve the above issues, this article proposes a deep network shard-based blockchain (DQNSB) scheme that dynamically finds the optimal throughput configuration. In this article, a novel analysis of sharded blockchain latency and security-level characterization is provided. Using the analysis equations, the DQNSB scheme estimates the level of maliciousness and adapts the blockchain parameters to enhance the security level considering the amount of malicious attacks on the consensus process. To achieve this purpose, deep reinforcement learning (DRL) agents are trained to find the optimal system parameters in response to the network status, and adaptively optimizes the system throughput and security level. The simulation results show that the proposed DQNSB scheme provides a much higher TPS than the existing DRL-enabled blockchain technology while maintaining a high security level.
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