Journal
CRYSTALS
Volume 11, Issue 2, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/cryst11020092
Keywords
fluorescent dendrimer; PAMAM; Group 12 elements; photophysics; heavy metals
Funding
- High Altitude Research Center, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia [1-440-6170]
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The study synthesized a modified fluorescent dendrimer that can capture hazardous heavy metal ions, providing basic data for a clean environment in the future. Through various analytical methods, it was found that the synthesized complexes have specific physicochemical properties that can differentiate the complexes of different metal ions.
One of the most pressing global concerns is how to provide a clean environment for future generations given the exacerbation of urban, agricultural, industrial, and economic activities due to the escalating size of the global population. A polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer peripherally modified with 4-N,N '-dimethylethylenediamine-1,8-naphthalmide as a chromophore was synthesized and utilized to capture hazardous heavy metal ions. This modified fluorescent dendrimer (FCD) was complexed with Group 12 metal ions (Zn2+, Cd2+, and Hg2+) at a 2:1 (metal: FCD) ratio. Electronic absorption, fluorescence emission, Infra-red (IR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (H-1 NMR) spectroscopies, conductivity, CHN elemental, thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses were used to characterize the resulting metal complexes. These assays revealed that the synthesized complexes were yellow-colored, thermally stable, nanoscale-sized, and composed of [M2FCD]center dot 4Cl(2). Considerable spectral shifts were observed in the emission and absorption spectra of the FCD molecule after binding the Zn2+ ions, which can be used to differentiate the Zn2+ complex from the other two complexes. This work provides basic data to facilitate the detection, quantification, and removal of environmentally hazardous heavy metal ions through complexation with a fluorescent dendrimer.
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