4.6 Article

Evaluation of the Potential of Agricultural Waste Recovery: Energy Densification as a Factor for Residual Biomass Logistics Optimization

Journal

APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
Volume 11, Issue 1, Pages -

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/app11010020

Keywords

agriculture waste; thermochemical conversion processes; biomass energy; waste recovery

Funding

  1. national funds through FCT-Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia [UIDP/05975/2020]
  2. USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture and Hatch Appropriations [PEN04697, 1019212]
  3. US Northeast Sun Grant
  4. GOVCOPP-Research Unit on Governance, Competitiveness and Public Policies [UID/CPO/04058/2019]
  5. national funds through FCT-Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia

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The study demonstrates the potential of using residual forms of biomass from the agri-food industry as an alternative energy source, especially in replacing fossil fuels. The experimental analysis of by-products shows that these biomass residues have potential advantages in energy recovery, particularly in the replacement of fossil fuels.
The use of residual forms of biomass, resulting from processes of transformation of the agri-food and/or forest industries, presents itself as an alternative with high potential for energy recovery, given the existing availability, both from the perspective of quantities, but also from the perspective of geographic distribution. In this work, samples of four by-products originating from the agri-food industry were collected, namely coconut shells, sugarcane bagasse, cashew nutshells, and palm kernel shells, which were characterized in the laboratory by determining their Thermogravimetric and Elemental analysis, subsequently calculating the High Heating Value, Low Heating Value, Hardgrove Grindability Index, Mass Yield, Energy Yield, and Energy Densification Ratio. The values obtained show the potential to optimize logistical operations related to transportation, demonstrating that energy densification operations, especially if associated with physical densification processes, enable the use of these residual forms of biomass in the replacement of fossil fuels, such as coal.

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