Journal
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
Volume 10, Issue 1, Pages 152-160Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2021.1872352
Keywords
SARS-CoV-2; reinfection; COVID-19; neutralizing antibody; ferret model
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Funding
- Research Center for Severe Pulmonary Disease from National Research Foundation [2020R1A5A2017476]
- Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [2020-ER532100]
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) Research Initiative Program [KGM9942011]
- National Institutes of Health [AI140705, AI140705S, AI140718, AI152190, AI116585]
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The study found that ferrets with high NAb titres after SARS-CoV-2 infection showed attenuated viral replication and rapid viral clearance upon reinfection, while ferrets with low NAb titres were more prone to reinfection.
Cases of laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 reinfection have been reported in a number of countries. Further, the level of natural immunity induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection is not fully clear, nor is it clear if a primary infection is protective against reinfection. To investigate the potential association between serum antibody titres and reinfection of SARS-CoV-2, ferrets with different levels of NAb titres after primary SARS-CoV-2 infection were subjected to reinfection with a heterologous SARS-CoV-2 strain. All heterologous SARS-CoV-2 reinfected ferrets showed active virus replication in the upper respiratory and gastro-intestinal tracts. However, the high NAb titre group showed attenuated viral replication and rapid viral clearance. In addition, direct-contact transmission was observed only from reinfected ferrets with low NAb titres (<20), and not from other groups. Further, lung histopathology demonstrated the presence of limited inflammatory regions in the high NAb titre groups compared with control and low NAb groups. This study demonstrates a close correlation between a low NAb titre and SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in a recovered ferret reinfection model.
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