Journal
JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
Volume 19, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
BMC
DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00740-0
Keywords
Nanomaterials; Nanoparticles; Human cells; Epigenetic; DNA methylation; Histone modification
Funding
- FDA/NCTR
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This review summarizes the current evidence of alterations in cytosine DNA methylation and histone modifications in response to nanomaterials and nanoparticles exposures, highlighting existing knowledge gaps regarding the role of epigenetic alterations in their toxicity. Additionally, it discusses the potential role of epigenetic changes as translational biomarkers for detecting adverse effects of nanomaterials and nanoparticles.
The rise of nanotechnology and widespread use of engineered nanomaterials in everyday human life has led to concerns regarding their potential effect on human health. Adverse effects of nanomaterials and nanoparticles on various molecular and cellular alterations have been well-studied. In contrast, the role of epigenetic alterations in their toxicity remains relatively unexplored. This review summarizes current evidence of alterations in cytosine DNA methylation and histone modifications in response to nanomaterials and nanoparticles exposures in vivo and in vitro. This review also highlights existing knowledge gaps regarding the role of epigenetic alterations in nanomaterials and nanoparticles toxicity. Additionally, the role of epigenetic changes as potential translational biomarkers for detecting adverse effects of nanomaterials and nanoparticles is discussed.
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