Scale-fixed predictions for γ + ηc production in electron-positron collisions at NNLO in perturbative QCD

In the paper, we present QCD predictions for gamma + eta (c) production at an electron-positron collider up to next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) accuracy without renormalization scale ambiguities. The NNLO total cross-section for e(+) + e(-) -> gamma + eta (c) using the conventional scale-setting approach has large renormalization scale ambiguities, usually estimated by choosing the renormalization scale to be the e(+)e(-) center-of-mass collision energy s. The Principle of Maximum Conformality (PMC) provides a systematic way to eliminate such renormalization scale ambiguities by summing the nonconformal beta contributions into the QCD coupling alpha (s)(Q(2)). The renormalization group equation then sets the value of alpha (s) for the process. The PMC renormalization scale reflects the virtuality of the underlying process, and the resulting predictions satisfy all of the requirements of renormalization group invariance, including renormalization scheme invariance. After applying the PMC, we obtain a renormalization scale-and-scheme independent prediction, sigma|(NNLO,PMC) similar or equal to 41.18 fb for s=10.6 GeV. The resulting pQCD series matches the series for conformal theory and thus has no divergent renormalon contributions. The large K factor which contributes to this process reinforces the importance of uncalculated NNNLO and higher-order terms. Using the PMC scale-and-scheme independent conformal series and the Pade approximation approach, we predict sigma|(NNNLO,PMC+Pade) similar or equal to 18.99 fb, which is consistent with the recent BELLE measurement sigma obs=16.58-9.93+10.51 fb at s similar or equal to 10.6 GeV. This procedure also provides a first estimate of the NNNLO contribution.

Automated summary

The paper introduces a QCD prediction method for a new particle production process at a next-to-next-to-leading order accuracy, addressing the issues of renormalization scale ambiguities in the conventional approach. The Principle of Maximum Conformality (PMC) is utilized to eliminate these ambiguities and provide renormalization scale-and-scheme independent predictions, yielding results consistent with experimental measurements and offering insights into higher-order contributions.