Journal
ECOLOGY LETTERS
Volume 19, Issue 12, Pages 1419-1428Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/ele.12690
Keywords
Belowground carbon allocation; global biogeochemical cycle; nitrogen limitation; resource use efficiency
Categories
Funding
- Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science [SC0006916, DE-SC0012288]
- DOE Graduate Fellowship Program
- DOE [DE-AC05-06OR23100]
- AmeriFlux (U.S. Department of Energy, Biological and Environmental Research, Terrestrial Carbon Program) [DE-FG02-04ER63917, DE-FG02-04ER63911]
- AfriFlux
- AsiaFlux
- CarboAfrica
- CarboEuropeIP
- CarboItaly
- Carbo-Mont
- ChinaFlux
- FLUXNET-Canada - CFCAS
- NSERC
- BIOCAP
- Environment Canada
- NRCan
- GreenGrass
- KoFlux
- LBA
- NECC
- OzFlux
- TCOS-Siberia
- USCCC
- CarboEurope IP
- FAO-GTOS-TCO
- iLEAPS
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry
- National Science Foundation
- University of Tuscia
- Universite Laval
- US Department of Energy
- U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0012288] Funding Source: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
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Nutrient limitation is pervasive in the terrestrial biosphere, although the relationship between global carbon (C) nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) cycles remains uncertain. Using meta-analysis we show that gross primary production (GPP) partitioning belowground is inversely related to soil-available N : P, increasing with latitude from tropical to boreal forests. N-use efficiency is highest in boreal forests, and P-use efficiency in tropical forests. High C partitioning belowground in boreal forests reflects a 13-fold greater C cost of N acquisition compared to the tropics. By contrast, the C cost of P acquisition varies only 2-fold among biomes. This analysis suggests a new hypothesis that the primary limitation on productivity in forested ecosystems transitions from below-ground resources at high latitudes to aboveground resources at low latitudes as C-intensive rootand mycorrhizal-mediated nutrient capture is progressively replaced by rapidly cycling, enzyme-derived nutrient fluxes when temperatures approach the thermal optimum for biogeochemical transformations.
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