The Novel Microwave Temperature Vegetation Drought Index (MTVDI) Captures Canopy Seasonality across Amazonian Tropical Evergreen Forests

Despite its perennial canopy, the Amazonian tropical evergreen forest shows significant canopy growth seasonality, which has been represented by optical satellite-based observations. In this paper, a new Microwave Temperature-Vegetation Drought Index (MTVDI) based on Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for the Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) sensors was used to capture the canopy seasonality from 2003 to 2010 in comparison with four climatic dryness indicators (Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI), Climatological Water Deficit (CWD), Terrestrial Water Storage (TWS), Vapor Pressure Deficit (VPD)) and two photosynthesis proxies (Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) and Solar-Induced chlorophyll Fluorescence (SIF)), respectively. Our results suggest that the MTVDI shows opposite seasonal variability with two photosynthesis proxies and performs better than the four climatic dryness indicators in reflecting the canopy photosynthesis seasonality of tropical forests in the Amazon. Besides, the MTVDI captures wet regions that show green-up during the dry season with mean annual precipitation higher than 2000 mm per year. The MTVDI provides a new way for monitoring the canopy seasonality of tropical forests from microwave signals.

Automated summary

This study used a new Microwave Temperature-Vegetation Drought Index (MTVDI) and other climate indicators to analyze the canopy seasonality of the Amazonian tropical forest. The results indicate that MTVDI can better reflect the seasonal variation of canopy photosynthesis compared to other indicators.