Journal
POLYMERS
Volume 13, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/polym13010130
Keywords
oleic acid; metathesis; renewable ionomer; sulfonated polymer; long-chain polyamide; proton exchange membrane
Categories
Funding
- CONACyT [CB 239947]
- DGAPA-UNAM PAPIIT [IN106819, IA103019, IA103620]
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This study focused on developing partially renewable aromatic-aliphatic polyamides using oleic acid as a renewable source and investigating their properties for proton exchange membranes. The results demonstrated that adjusting the feed molar ratio of the diamines effectively tailored the degree of sulfonation of the materials, leading to a polymer membrane with a proton conductivity of 1.55 mS cm(-1) at 30℃ after activation.
The future availability of synthetic polymers is compromised due to the continuous depletion of fossil reserves; thus, the quest for sustainable and eco-friendly specialty polymers is of the utmost importance to ensure our lifestyle. In this regard, this study reports on the use of oleic acid as a renewable source to develop new ionomers intended for proton exchange membranes. Firstly, the cross-metathesis of oleic acid was conducted to yield a renewable and unsaturated long-chain aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, which was further subjected to polycondensation reactions with two aromatic diamines, 4,4 '-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)bis(p-phenyleneoxy)dianiline and 4,4 '-diamino-2,2 '-stilbenedisulfonic acid, as comonomers for the synthesis of a series of partially renewable aromatic-aliphatic polyamides with an increasing degree of sulfonation (DS). The polymer chemical structures were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (H-1, C-13, and F-19 NMR) spectroscopy, which revealed that the DS was effectively tailored by adjusting the feed molar ratio of the diamines. Next, we performed a study involving the ion exchange capacity, the water uptake, and the proton conductivity in membranes prepared from these partially renewable long-chain polyamides, along with a thorough characterization of the thermomechanical and physical properties. The highest value of the proton conductivity determined by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was found to be 1.55 mS cm(-1) at 30 degrees C after activation of the polymer membrane.
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