Existence of chaos for partial difference equations via tangent and cotangent functions

This paper is concerned with the existence of chaos for a type of partial difference equations. We establish four chaotification schemes for partial difference equations with tangent and cotangent functions, in which the systems are shown to be chaotic in the sense of Li-Yorke or of both Li-Yorke and Devaney. For illustration, we provide three examples are provided.

Automated summary

This paper investigates the existence of chaos in a type of partial difference equations, and establishes four chaotification schemes using tangent and cotangent functions. The systems are shown to exhibit chaos in the sense of Li-Yorke or both Li-Yorke and Devaney. Three examples are provided for illustration.