Journal
VIRUSES-BASEL
Volume 12, Issue 12, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/v12121357
Keywords
COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR; anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies; SARS-CoV-2 S1-RDB protein; SARS-CoV-2 N-protein; SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing activity
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Funding
- University Hospital, Tuebingen
- Baden-Wurttemberg Foundation
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
- Ministry of Science, Research and Arts of the State of Baden-Wurttemberg (COVID-19 Funding)
- Deutsche Herzstiftung
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The relationship between the nasopharyngeal virus load, IgA and IgG antibodies to both the S1-RBD-protein and the N-protein, as well as the neutralizing activity (NAbs) against SARS-CoV-2 in the blood of moderately afflicted COVID-19 patients, needs further longitudinal investigation. Several new serological methods to examine these parameters were developed, validated and applied in three patients of a family which underwent an ambulatory course of COVID-19 for six months. The virus load had almost completely disappeared after about four weeks. Serum IgA levels to the S1-RBD-protein and, to a lesser extent, to the N-protein, peaked about three weeks after clinical disease onset but declined soon thereafter. IgG levels rose continuously, reaching a plateau at approximately six weeks, and stayed elevated over the observation period. Virus-neutralizing activity reached a peak about 4 weeks after disease onset but dropped slowly. The longitudinal associations of virus neutralization and the serological immune response suggest immunity in patients even after a mild clinical course of COVID-19.
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