Journal
WATER RESEARCH
Volume 187, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116471
Keywords
Dissolved organic matter (DOM); Rainstorms; Drinking water lake; Fluorescence; FT-ICR MS; Molecular composition
Funding
- Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDA19080304]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41807362, 41930760, 41621002, 41771514]
- Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu in China [BK20181104]
- Hangzhou Science and Technology Bureau [20180417A06]
- Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences [QYZDBSSW-DQC016]
- WATEC (centre for Water Technology, AU)
- Tubitak BIDEB 2232 [118C250]
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Rainstorm events can flush large amounts of terrestrial organic-rich material into lakes that are used for drinking water. To date, few studies have been carried out to investigate how rainstorm events change the molecular composition, bio-lability, and flux of upstream-imported dissolved organic matter (DOM), which can impact the odor and taste of drinking water as well as the efficiency of wastewater treatment. We undertook high-frequency buoy monitoring and point sample collection (n = 495), during high, moderate, and low inflow discharge, in Lake Qiandao, a key drinking water source for about 10 million people. Data from two online fluorescent DOM sensors deployed and field samples collected at the river site, Jiekou, and the lake site, Xiaojinshan, showed that rainstorm events increased the specific UV absorbance (SUVA254), humification index (HIX), humic-like components (C1-C2), and FT-ICR MS derived condensed aromatic and polyphenolic compounds (p < 0.001) and decreased the spectral slope of DOM (S 275-295 ), spectral slope ratio (S-R), biological index (BIX), and highly bio-degradable peptide-like and aliphatic substances (p < 0.001). Our results suggest that rainstorm events enhanced the export to the lake of colored, hydrophobic, and aromatic DOM. Upstream-derived dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations decreased (p < 0.001), while DOC bio-availability (BDOC) increased only slightly (p < 0.05) during rainstorm events. The loss rate of DOC in Lake Qiandao is 0.82 x 10(4) t C yr(-1), of which 0.30 x 10(4) t C yr(-1) is highly bio-labile, and higher occurrences of both 25 mm d (- 1) and > 50 mm d (- 1) rainfall events are anticipated by linear fittings for this region in the future. The application of in situ fluorescence sensors provides an early warning of DOC surge incidents caused by rainstorm events and may be useful in advising drinking water treatment plant managers of changes in raw water DOM quality and treatability. (c) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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