Journal
TRENDS IN IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 42, Issue 1, Pages 59-75Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2020.11.001
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Funding
- Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (AEI/FEDER, UE) [SAF2017-88086-R]
- RESTORE project (European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme) [779316]
- Spanish projects [PI17/01521, PI20/01313]
- ISCIII-Subdireccion General de Evaluacion
- Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER)
- Accion Estrategica en Salud [IFI17/00034]
- Fondo Social Europeo
- INsTRuCT Consortium, focused on developing innovative myeloid regulatory cell (MRC)-based immunotherapies
- European Union
- H2020 Societal Challenges Programme [779316] Funding Source: H2020 Societal Challenges Programme
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Dendritic cells play a crucial role in activating T cells and can acquire tolerogenic functions through various stimuli. Research shows that tolerogenic dendritic cells have potential clinical applications in treating inflammatory diseases.
Dendritic cells (DCs), the most efficient antigen-presenting cells, are necessary for the effective activation of naive T cells. DCs can also acquire tolerogenic functions in vivo and in vitro in response to various stimuli, including interleukin (IL)-10, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta, vitamin D3, corticosteroids, and rapamycin. In this review, we provide a wide perspective on the regulatory mechanisms, including crosstalk with other cell types, downstream signaling pathways, transcription factors, and epigenetics, underlying the acquisition of tolerogenesis by DCs, with a special focus on human studies. Finally, we present clinical assays targeting, or based on, tolerogenic DCs in inflammatory diseases. Our discussion provides a useful resource for better understanding the biology of tolerogenic DCs and their manipulation to improve the immunological fitness of patients with certain inflammatory conditions.
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