Journal
TRENDS IN BIOCHEMICAL SCIENCES
Volume 46, Issue 8, Pages 630-639Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2020.12.013
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health (NIH) [R35GM131681, R01NS117440, R35 GM131732, P30 DK079307]
- Alpha1 Foundation
- ZonMW TOP [91217002]
- Marie Skodowska-Curie Cofund grant [713660]
- Marie Skodowska Curie ETN grant [765912]
- ENW Open Program [OPENW.KLEIN.118]
- ALW Open Programme [ALWOP.310]
- Marie Curie Actions (MSCA) [765912] Funding Source: Marie Curie Actions (MSCA)
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ER-phagy, the process of lysosomal degradation of endoplasmic reticulum fragments by autophagy, occurs under normal and stress conditions. The discovery of multiple ER-phagy receptors has led to studies on the functions of ER-phagy receptors and their role in maintaining ER homeostasis and quality control. ER-phagy plays a crucial role in alleviating ER expansion induced by ER stress and acts as an alternative disposal pathway for misfolded proteins, which may explain the connection between ER-phagy and disease.
Lysosomal degradation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) fragments by autophagy, termed ER-phagy or reticulophagy, occurs under normal as well as stress conditions. The recent discovery of multiple ER-phagy receptors has stimulated studies on the roles of ER-phagy. We discuss how the ER-phagy receptors and the cellular components that work with these receptors mediate two important functions: ER homeostasis and ER quality control. We highlight that ER-phagy plays an important role in alleviating ER expansion induced by ER stress, and acts as an alternative disposal pathway for misfolded proteins. We suggest that the latter function explains the emerging connection between ER-phagy and disease. Additional ER-phagy-associated functions and important unanswered questions are also discussed.
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