Automated separation, preconcentration and measurement of 90Sr in liquid samples with complex matrices by online ion exchange chromatography coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)

An online separation and preconcentration method, employing a lab-on-valve system using solid phase extraction, followed by inductively coupled plasma tandem mass spectrometry (ICP-MS/MS), was developed for the analysis of Sr-90. The Sr-90 was separated from Zr-90, an isobaric interference present at high concentrations in many samples, and other matrix components using a dual-column setup (Eichrom DGA-B and Sr resins). Any remaining Zr-90 was then chemically resolved from the Sr-90 in the ICP-MS/MS using O-2 and H-2 reaction gases. The system requires small sample volumes (10 mL), minimal sample preparation compared to traditional radiometric and other MS techniques and has a processing time of 22 min per sample. Based on a 10 mL sample size, the system limit of detection, limit of quantification and method detection limit (MDL) were 0.47 Bq L-1 (0.09 pg L-1), 1.57 Bq L-1 (0.32 pg L-1) and 1.79 Bq L-1 (0.34 pg L-1), respectively. The robustness of the system and suitability for use in various sample matrices was demonstrated using spiked lake water, spiked groundwater, spiked seawater and radioactive water samples. Recovery of the IAEA 2018 Proficiency Test Exercise water sample (n = 5) was 99% with an RSD of 11.9%. The method thus provides a powerful tool for the rapid analysis of low levels of 90Sr in various water/wastewater samples.

Automated summary

An online separation and preconcentration method using solid phase extraction and ICP-MS/MS was developed for rapid analysis of low levels of Sr-90 in various water/wastewater samples. The system has small sample volumes, minimal sample preparation, and a fast processing time, making it a powerful tool for environmental monitoring and analysis.