4.4 Article

Risk of labour market marginalisation among young refugees and non-refugee migrants with common mental disorders

Journal

SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHIATRIC EPIDEMIOLOGY
Volume 56, Issue 6, Pages 1025-1034

Publisher

SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s00127-020-02022-4

Keywords

Migration; Common mental disorders; Unemployment; Sickness absence; Duration of residence; Age at arrival

Categories

Funding

  1. Karolinska Institute - Swedish Research Council [2018-05783]
  2. Swedish Research Council [2018-05783] Funding Source: Swedish Research Council

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The study found that among young adults with CMDs, refugees and non-refugee migrants had a higher risk of long-term unemployment compared to Swedish-born individuals, while the risk of long-term sickness absence was lower, especially among refugees, where the duration of residence and age at arrival influenced the risk of long-term unemployment.
Purpose Labour market marginalisation (LMM), i.e. long-term unemployment (LTU), long-term sickness absence (LTSA) and disability pension (DP), among young individuals with common mental disorders (CMDs) are a challenge for the welfare system, and refugees and non-refugee migrants seem particularly vulnerable. The aim was to investigate the risk of LMM in young adults with CMDs among refugees and non-refugee migrants compared to Swedish-born individuals and the role of country of birth, duration of residence and age at arrival. Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted including young adults (19-30 years) with inpatient or specialised outpatient healthcare due to CMDs and/or antidepressant prescriptions during 2009 (N = 69,515). Cox regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals for the risk of LMM during 2010-2013. Results Both refugees and non-refugee migrants had a higher risk of LTU compared to Swedish-born individuals (HR refugees: Africa: 2.4; Asia: 2.2; Europe outside EU25: 1.6; South America: 1.4) with highest estimates in refugees from Afghanistan and Syria. Refugees from Africa and Asia had a lower risk of LTSA compared to Swedish-born individuals (HR: 0.6 and 0.7, respectively), particularly refugees from Afghanistan and Iraq. Especially among refugees, a longer duration of residence and a younger age at arrival were associated with a lower risk of LTU. Conclusions The risk of LTU among refugees and non-refugee migrants was higher and the risk of LTSA was lower, compared to Swedish-born individuals. Duration of residence and age at arrival had an influence on the risk of LTU, particularly among refugees.

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