Journal
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 752, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141862
Keywords
Rice; Yield; Grain quality; Heavy metal; Transfer coefficient; Water-saving irrigation
Categories
Funding
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2019M663122, 2020M672838, 2020M672839]
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFE0118100, 2018YFD02003025]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31761130073, 31872169]
- Shenzhen Virtual University Park Support Scheme
- Hong Kong Research Grant Council [AoE/M-05/12, AoE/M-403/16, CUHK14122415, 14160516, 14177617]
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Alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation increases rice yield and water use efficiency, but higher P fertilizer application results in increased accumulation of heavy metals in rice grains. Therefore, attention should be paid to the level of P fertilizer application in water-saving AWD irrigation to minimize heavy metal content in grains.
Alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation was reported to increase rice root activity and element bioavailability, which results in enhanced heavy metal (HM) absorption and this HM ends up in rice grains. HM uptake was also affected by the levels of phosphorus (P) fertilizer application. HMs enter food chain via consumption of rice grains and cause health problems. In this study, we compared the differences in grain yield, grain quality, water use efficiency (WUE), partial factor productivity of applied P (PFPp), HM contents in different tissues and transfer coefficient (TC) of HMs under a combination of treatments involving two irrigation regimes (continuous flooding (CF) and AWD irrigation) and three P fertilizer application levels (0.4 g P2O5/kg soil, HP; 0.2 g P2O5/kg soil, MP; 0 g P2O5/kg soil, LP). Compared to CF, AWD irrigation increased grain yield (without reducing grain quality), decreased irrigation water use and the number of irrigation events needed and improved WUE and PFPp at all three P fertilizer application levels, while the accumulation of HMs in grains increased when more P was applied. This accumulation of HMs in grains thus requires immediate attention to the level of P fertilizer application and its optimization in water-saving AWD irrigation to minimize grain HM content. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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